Saturday, March 26, 2011

John 15:1-27

1 Ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἄμπελος ἡ ἀληθινή,
καὶ ὁ πατήρ μου ὁ γεωργός ἐστιν.
I am the true vine, and my father is the husbandman.
2nd predicate position, the vine the genuine See Psa. 80:8f. “On the Maccabean coinage Israel was represented by a vine” (Dods). Jesus is the genuine Messianic vine. The husbandman (ho geoœrgos) as in Mark 12:1; James 5:7; 2 Tim. 2:6. cf. 1 Cor. 3:9, theou geoœrgion (God’s field).
2 πᾶν κλῆμα ἐν ἐμοὶ μὴ φέρον καρπόν,
αἴρει αὐτό, καὶ πᾶν τὸ καρπὸν φέρον,
καθαίρει αὐτὸ ἵνα καρπὸν πλείονα φέρῃ.
Every branch in me that does not bear fruit, He takes up, and every one
that bears fruit, he prunes it in order that it may keep on bearing more fruit. 

klema, and kathario only here in the NT. Purpose clause with hina and present active subjunctive of phero, that it may keep on bearing fruit.
3 ἤδη ὑμεῖς καθαροί ἐστε διὰ τὸν λόγον
ὃν λελάληκα ὑμῖν·
You are already clean through the word which I have spoken to you.
Seems to be a connection or at least play on word of Kathairei and Katharoi in verses 2 and 3.
4 μείνατε ἐν ἐμοί, κἀγὼ
ἐν ὑμῖν.καθὼς τὸ κλῆμα οὐ δύναται καρπὸν
φέρειν ἀφ’ ἑαυτοῦ ἐὰν μὴ μένῃ ἐν τῇ ἀμπέλῳ,
οὕτως οὐδὲ ὑμεῖς ἐὰν μὴ ἐν ἐμοὶ μένητε. 
Remain in me, just as I remain in you. So the branch is not able to bear fruit
by itself except it remains (abides) in the vine neither (can) you except you abide in me. 
Constative aorist active imperative of meno (meaning true?) 
5 ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἄμπελος, ὑμεῖς τὰ κλήματα.
ὁ μένων ἐν ἐμοὶ κἀγὼ ἐν αὐτῷ,
οὗτος φέρει καρπὸν πολύν,
ὅτι χωρὶς ἐμοῦ οὐ δύνασθε ποιεῖν οὐδέν. 
I am the vine, you are the branch. The one who abides in me and 
I in him, thus he bears much fruit, because without me you not able to do anything.
repeats the metaphor of verse 1.
6 ἐὰν μή τις μένῃ ἐν ἐμοί, ἐβλήθη ἔξω ὡς τὸ κλῆμα
καὶ ἐξηράνθη, καὶ συνάγουσιν αὐτὸ
καὶ εἰς τὸ πῦρ βάλλουσιν,καὶ καίεται. 
If anyone does not remain in me, he was cast out like the branch, and he dries up and he is gathered together and thrown into the fire and burned. 
Timeless or gnomic use of the first aorist passive indicative, conclusion of 3rd class condition, verse 4,7 for same condition
7 ἐὰν μείνητε ἐν ἐμοὶ καὶ τὰ ῥήματά μου
ἐν ὑμῖν μείνῃ, ὃ ἐὰν θέλητε αἰτήσασθε,
καὶ γενήσεται ὑμῖν. 
If you remain in me and my words remain in you, ask whatever you will, and
it shall be done for you. 
Indefinite relative with ean and present active subjunctive of thelo 
8 ἐν τούτῳ ἐδοξάσθη ὁ πατήρ μου,
ἵνα καρπὸν πολὺν φέρητε καὶ γενήσεσθε ἐμοὶ μαθηταί. 
In this my father will be glorified, in that you keep bearing much fruit and become my disciples.
1st aorist indicative - gnomic or timeless aorist passive indicative - pherete - Present active subjunctive.
9 καθὼς ἠγάπησέν με ὁ πατήρ, κἀγὼ ἠγάπησα ὑμᾶς·
μείνατε ἐν τῇ ἀγάπῃ τῇ ἐμῇ. 
Just as the Father loved me, I also loved you, remain in my love. 
Constative first aorist active imperative. possessive pronoun "in the love I have for you". John has Jesus using emos 37 times, but he uses mou also.
10 ἐὰν τὰς ἐντολάς μου τηρήσητε,
μενεῖτε ἐν τῇ ἀγάπῃ μου, καθὼς κἀγὼ
τοῦ πατρός μου τὰς ἐντολὰς τετήρηκα
καὶ μένω αὐτοῦ ἐν τῇ ἀγάπῃ. 
If you may keep my commandments, you will remain in my love, 
just as I also have kept my Fathers commandments and I remain in his love.  
3rd class condition ean and 1st aorist active subj. teresete. conclusion.
11 ταῦτα λελάληκα ὑμῖν ἵνα ἡ χαρὰ ἡ ἐμὴ ἐν ὑμῖν ᾖ
καὶ ἡ χαρὰ ὑμῶν πληρωθῇ. 
These things I have spoken to you that my joy should be in you and your joy should fulfilled. 
 Hina purpose clause present subj. ei concluding clause.
12 αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ ἐντολὴ ἡ ἐμή, ἵνα ἀγαπᾶτε ἀλλήλους
καθὼς ἠγάπησα ὑμᾶς· 
This is my commandment, that you love one another just as I loved you. 
non-final use of hina in apposition to commandment, subjunctive present active keep on loving
13 μείζονα ταύτης ἀγάπην οὐδεὶς ἔχει
ἵνα τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ θῇ ὑπὲρ τῶν φίλων αὐτοῦ. 
Greater love than this no one has, that he puts down his soul for his brother. 






Than this (tauteœs). Ablative case after the comparative adjective meizona and feminine agreeing with teœs agapeœs (love) understood.
14 ὑμεῖς φίλοι μού ἐστε, ἐὰν ποιῆτε
ἃ ἐγὼ ἐντέλλομαι ὑμῖν. 
You are my brothers if you do that which I command you.
3rd condition with ean and present active subj. keep doing - following the commandment is condition of fellowship.
15 οὐκέτι λέγω ὑμᾶς δούλους,
ὅτι ὁ δοῦλος οὐκ οἶδεν τί ποιεῖ
αὐτοῦ ὁ κύριος· ὑμᾶς δὲ εἴρηκα φίλους,
ὅτι πάντα ἃ ἤκουσα παρὰ τοῦ πατρός μου ἐγνώρισα ὑμῖν. 
No longer do I say to you slave, because the slave doesn't know what his Lord does, but I called you friends, because all things which I heard from my Father I have made known to you. 


Perfect active indicative, permanent state of new dignity.
16 οὐχ ὑμεῖς με ἐξελέξασθε, ἀλλ’ ἐγὼ ἐξελεξάμην ὑμᾶς
καὶ ἔθηκα ὑμᾶς ἵνα ὑμεῖς ὑπάγητε καὶ καρπὸν φέρητε
καὶ ὁ καρπὸς ὑμῶν μένῃ, ἵνα ὅ τι ἂν αἰτήσητε
τὸν πατέρα ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί μου δῷ ὑμῖν.
You did not choose me, but I chose you and appointed you that you go and bear fruit
and your fruit should remain, that whatever you ask the Father in my name I will give to you.
So Paul was “a vessel of choice” (skeuos eklogeœs, Acts 9:15).hina clause with present active subj. and final hina 
17 ταῦτα ἐντέλλομαι ὑμῖν, ἵνα ἀγαπᾶτε ἀλλήλους.
This I command you, that you love one another.
Another hina clause - they have been arguing over who is the greatest
18 εἰ ὁ κόσμος ὑμᾶς μισεῖ, γινώσκετε ὅτι ἐμὲ πρῶτον μεμίσηκεν.
If the world hates you, you know because it has hated me first. 
First case conditional clause, for certainty. Ablative cause with the superlative proton? heme - ablative?
Perfect active indicative, has hated me and still does
19 εἰ ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου ἦτε, ὁ κόσμος ἂν τὸ ἴδιον ἐφίλει·
ὅτι δὲ ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου οὐκ ἐστέ, ἀλλ’ ἐγὼ ἐξελεξάμην
ὑμᾶς ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου, διὰ τοῦτο μισεῖ ὑμᾶς ὁ κόσμος.
If you were of the world, the world loves its own, because you are not 
of the world, but I chose you out of the world, because of this the world hates you.
Undetermined 2nd class,
20 μνημονεύετε τοῦ λόγου οὗ ἐγὼ εἶπον ὑμῖν·
οὐκ ἔστιν δοῦλος μείζων τοῦ κυρίου αὐτοῦ.
εἰ ἐμὲ ἐδίωξαν, καὶ ὑμᾶς διώξουσιν·
εἰ τὸν λόγον μου ἐτήρησαν, καὶ τὸν ὑμέτερον τηρήσουσιν.
Remember the word which I spoke to you, a slave is not greater than his master.
If they persecuted me, they will also persecute you, if you keep my word they will keep yours also.
Present active imperative of mneœmoneuoœ, old verb from mneœmoœn, in John again in 16:4, 21. See 13:16 for this word.1st class condition certainly have for both with predictive future, the word for persecute comes from the late persequor to persue as a wild beast his prey (Robertson)
21 ἀλλὰ ταῦτα πάντα ποιήσουσιν εἰς ὑμᾶς διὰ
τὸ ὄνομά μου, ὅτι οὐκ οἴδασιν τὸν πέμψαντά με.
But these things they did to you because (of) my name, because they did not know the one who sent me.  


For my name’s sake (dia to onoma mou).  See this same warning and language in Matt. 10:22; Mark 13:13; Matt. 24:9; Luke 21:17).

22 εἰ μὴ ἦλθον καὶ ἐλάλησα αὐτοῖς, ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ εἴχοσαν·
νῦν δὲ πρόφασιν οὐκ ἔχουσιν περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας αὐτῶν.
Except I come and speak to them, they have no sin. But now they do not have an excuse
concerning their sins.
Robertson states this as the conclusion of second class.
23 ὁ ἐμὲ μισῶν καὶ τὸν πατέρα μου μισεῖ.
The one who hates me, hates my Father, also.
24 εἰ τὰ ἔργα μὴ ἐποίησα ἐν αὐτοῖς ἃ οὐδεὶς
ἄλλος ἐποίησεν, ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ εἴχοσαν·
νῦν δὲ καὶ ἑωράκασιν καὶ μεμισήκασιν
καὶ ἐμὲ καὶ τὸν πατέρα μου.
If I did not do the work among them which no one other did, 
they had no sin. But now but now have they both seen and hated both me and my Father. 
seen and hated Perfect active indicative. 
25 ἀλλ’ ἵνα πληρωθῇ ὁ λόγος ὁ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ
αὐτῶν γεγραμμένος ὅτι ἐμίσησάν με δωρεάν.
But in order that the word be may fulfilled which is written in their law that they hated 
me freely.
Robertson claims a Ellipsis here (But this came to pass Hina...)  Hina purpose clause with aorist passive subj. - reference to Ps. 69:4, - they hated me freely - adverbial accusative - then unnecessarily or gratis (in two Koiné tablets, Nageli) as here and Gal. 2:21.
26 ὅταν ἔλθῃ ὁπαράκλητος ὃν ἐγὼ πέμψω
ὑμῖν παρὰ τοῦ πατρός, τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας
ὃ παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐκπορεύεται, ἐκεῖνος μαρτυρήσει περὶ ἐμοῦ·
Whenever the comforter may come which I will send to you from the Father, the Spirit of Truth which comes from the Father, he shall testify of me;


 Indefinite temporal clause with hotan and the second aorist active subjunctive of erchomai, “whenever the Comforter comes.”  Emphatic use of ekeinos - purpose of the paraclete. 

27 καὶ ὑμεῖς δὲ μαρτυρεῖτε, ὅτι ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς μετ’ ἐμοῦ ἐστε.
And you also will testify, because you were with me from the beginning.
Present active or imperative martureo.

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